Discovery Of The Neutron

CALSEC Presents Discovery of DNA Mutations by Fast-Neutron Bombardment at 7th ...

Femto-neutrons are fast neutrons of femto-meter wave-length, a million times shorter than nanoprobes. In the first experiment of its kind, the CALSEC team was able to “aim” neutrons at oxygen atoms among 30-odd other atoms in DNA molecules to knock out oxygen nuclei, thus changing DNA into nucleic acids of lower structure. This made it possible to count oxygen in DNA molecules, atom-by-atom. Since “hypoxic” cancerous tumors contain 50% to 90% less oxygen than normal tissue, if you count the oxygen difference between a tumor and adjacent tissue – you have diagnosed cancer! The principle is named “Differential Femto Oximetry” and the diagnostic probe “Oncosensor.” “We are ready to test this interesting approach in vivo by animal trials,” said Orhan Nalcioglu, Professor and Director of the Center for Functional Onco-Imaging of the UCI School of Medicine.

“Our mission is to provide biopsy without intravenous fluid with negligible ‘false negatives,’ Oncosensor should facilitate an early warning, walk-in, painless, instant cancer diagnosis from outside the body,” says Dr. Bogdan Maglich, CALSEC’s Chief Scientist and the developer of the core technology that was originally used for defense, elected one of “50 Champions of Innovation” by Fast Company Magazine.

“What is genomically interesting is that DNAs were mutated in this experiment into lower structures by collisional ejection of oxygen or carbon. Paradoxically, it also appears theoretically possible to build up DNAs by knocking out oxygen and carbon atoms from lower structure acids," said co-author Luz Marie Aquino, 22, a UCI biologist.

Oncosensor is not an imager; it is a “nose” without eyes and it will require guidance by imagers, which could be considered eyes without nose. Imagers have a low “specificity,” about 70%, in telling benign from malignant tumors. CALSEC scientists project Oncosensor’s specificity to reach 98%. Dr. Nisar Syed, of the Todd Cancer Institute , fmr. Chancellor of American College of Radiation Oncology, explained: “Oncosensor has the potential to significantly enhance the eradication of malignant tumors via heat treatment known as hyperthermia, by pointing out to surgeons the area of least oxygenated tissue.

The World of OPT: Coming To A Theatre Near You... Extreme Neutron ...

OPT is a telescope and camera store in San Diego County, California, and our website, OPTTelescopes.com, is one of the most trusted online astronomy stores in the world. We've been around since 1947, and our employees are involved in various aspects of astronomy...from professional quality CCD imaging to writing books on what's up in the sky. We've got a lot to share, and this is where we will share it! Welcome! They came into existence violently... Born at the death of a massive star. They are are composed almost entirely of neutrons, barren of electrical charge and with a slightly larger mass than protons. They are quantum degenerates with an average density typically more than one billion tons per teaspoonful - a state which can never be created here on Earth. And they are absolutely perfect for study of how matter and exotic particles behave under extreme conditions. We welcome the neutron star... In 1934 Walter Baade and Fritz Zwicky proposed the existence of the neutron star, only a year after the discovery of the neutron by Sir James Chadwick. But it took another 30 years before the first neutron star was actually observed. Up until now, neutron stars have had their mass accurately measure to about 1.4 times that of Sol. Now a group of astronomers using the Green Bank Radio Telescope found a neutron star that has a mass of nearly twice that of the Sun. How can they make estimates so precise? Because the extreme neutron star in question is actually a pulsar - PSR J1614-2230. With heartbeat-like precision, PSR J1614-2230 sends out a radio signal each time it spins on its axis at 317 times per second. The presence of this extreme star poses new questions about its origin... and its nearby white dwarf companion. Did it become so extreme from pulling material from its binary neighbor - or did it simply become that way through natural causes? According to Professor Lorne Nelson (Bishop's University) and his colleagues at MIT, Oxford, and UCSB, the neutron star was likely spun up to become a fast-rotating (millisecond) pulsar as a result of the neutron star having cannibalized its stellar companion many millions of years ago, leaving behind a dead core composed mostly of carbon and oxygen. According to Nelson, "Although it is common to find a high fraction of stars in binary systems, it is rare for them to be close enough so that one star can strip off mass from its companion star. But when this happens, it is spectacular.

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